In shipbuilding and repairing, there exist a large number of cleaning links, mainly steel plate pretreatment (before and after welding) and segment pretreatment (before painting) for newly built ships, as well as rust removal, overall paint removal and secondary painting maintenance in the repair and maintenance of old ships.
The commonly used descaling methods for ships include manual descaling, mechanical descaling and chemical descaling. As a new technology, laser cleaning and descaling will be developed and utilized.
1,Manual descaling
The tools for manual rust removal are hammer, spade, steel knife, wire brush, etc. Generally, thick rust spots are knocked loose with hammer and then shoveled with spade. It is labor-intensive and the efficiency of rust removal is low.
2,Mechanical rust removal
(1) Small wind or electric descaling; (2) Shot blasting (sand) descaling; (3) High-pressure descaling; (4) High-pressure descaling.
(3) High-pressure water abrasive descaling; (4) Shot blasting descaling.
3,Chemical descaling
The main use of acid and metal oxide chemical reaction, so as to remove the metal surface corrosion of a rust removal method, that is, usually referred to as pickling descaling, can only be operated in the workshop. Chemical descaling is dangerous, serious pollution to the environment, and is restricted to use.
4,Laser descaling
Laser descaling is a new type of green, environmentally friendly, efficient and safe new technology, which will soon replace the above process and be widely used. Especially in paint removal, oil removal, edge cleaning and rust removal, in addition to the oxidized layer, laser cleaning will play an irreplaceable role.
Laser cleaning technology has no damage to the substrate, precise control, energy saving and environmental protection and many other advantages, can fully meet all the steel plate profiles of the rust, as well as pretreatment needs before and after welding. In the maintenance of ships, laser cleaning as a "high precision" cleaning technology, suitable for the ship's cabin, ballast tanks, fuel tanks and other surfaces on the rust and paint stripping, as well as marine diesel cylinder valve parts such as carbon cleaning, etc., does not hurt the substrate, but also no obstacles to cope with the precise removal of dirt in small crevices, high quality cleaning, energy saving and Environmental protection.
