Laser cleaning technology is a successful application of laser technology in the engineering field. Its basic principle is to use the high energy density of laser to make the laser interact with the pollutants attached to the workpiece substrate, and separate from the workpiece substrate in the form of indirect thermal expansion, chemical reaction, gas volatilization, etc. Laser cleaning technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, environmental protection, and energy saving, and has been successfully applied to tire mold cleaning, aircraft body paint removal, and cultural relics restoration.
Traditional cleaning technologies include mechanical friction cleaning (sandblasting cleaning, high-pressure water gun cleaning, etc.), chemical corrosion cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, dry ice cleaning, etc. These cleaning technologies have been widely used in various industries. For example, sandblasting cleaning can clean metal embroidery spots, metal surface burrs, and circuit board surface three-proof paint by selecting abrasives of different hardness. Chemical corrosion cleaning technology is widely used in equipment surface oil and dirt cleaning, boiler scale cleaning, oil pipeline cleaning, etc. Although these cleaning technologies have been developed and mature, there are still some problems, such as sandblasting cleaning can easily damage the treated surface, chemical corrosion cleaning can cause environmental pollution, and improper treatment will cause corrosion on the cleaned surface.
The emergence of laser cleaning technology is a revolution in cleaning technology. Laser cleaning technology utilizes the advantages of laser energy density, high precision, and efficient conduction. It has obvious advantages over traditional cleaning technology in terms of cleaning efficiency, cleaning accuracy, and cleaning position. It can effectively avoid environmental pollution caused by cleaning technologies such as chemical corrosion cleaning, and will not damage the substrate.
Laser Cleaning Principle
So what is laser cleaning? Laser cleaning is the process of removing material from a solid (or sometimes liquid) surface by irradiating a laser beam. At low laser flux, the material is heated by the absorbed laser energy and evaporates or rises Hua. for photoablation. The laser used for photoablation is about 200nm. The depth of absorption of laser energy and the amount of material removed by a single laser pulse depend on the optical properties of the material as well as the laser wavelength and pulse length. The total mass ablated from the target per laser pulse is usually called the ablation rate. Laser radiation characteristics such as laser beam scanning speed and scan line coverage can significantly affect the ablation process.
